Uveitis (includes Iritis, Cyclitis, Retinitis, Choroiditis)
Background
- Uveitis: Inflammation of either or all of these structures. However, “uveitis” is a bit of a misnomer, since it is used to denote inflammation of any ocular component
- Uveitis is usually associated with autoimmune conditions, less commonly with infections
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|
Anterior Uveitis |
Intermediate Uveitis |
Posterior Uveitis |
Panuveitis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Practical synonyms | Iritis | Pars planitis, Cyclitis | Retinitis, Choroiditis, Chorioretinitis | Diffuse uveitis |
| Definition | Inflammation localized to the anterior segment | Inflammation localized to the vitreous cavity and pars plana | Inflammation localized to choroid and retina | Inflammation involving the anterior, intermediate, and posterior structures |
| Symptoms | Vision loss; Usually painful; Perilimbal redness | Vision loss; Pain varies | Vision loss; Pain varies | Vision loss; Pain varies |
| Common etiologies | Idiopathic HLA-B27 IBD, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis | Spillover from anterior uveitis Multiple sclerosis Lymphoma Sarcoid Syphilis TB |
Immunocompromise d (HIV, transplant) CMV, HSV, VZV Vasculitis Sarcoidosis Toxoplasmosis Syphilis TB |
Lymphoma Behcet’s disease Sarcoid Syphilis TB Toxoplasmosis |
Management
- If you suspect a pt has uveitis, consult ophthalmology for evaluation
- Pts with any of the above associated systemic conditions (e.g., IBD) do not need an inpt Ophthalmology consult unless the pt has visual symptoms. Referral to outpt Ophthalmology is appropriate for routine screening